The global die casting manufacturing centre is transferred to the mainland of China. China's precision dies casting enterprises are mainly distributed in Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and other places. Most of the large-scale and specialized enterprises are concentrated in the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta. Due to the dominant position of Asia, especially China, in market demand, raw material supply, labour resources, industrial chain supporting, policy support, and the rapid development of China's automobile industry, since the 21st century, the global die casting production has shown a trend of transfer to Asia, especially to the mainland of China, which is still continuing. The expansion of market scale and the entry of international excellent enterprises have promoted the technical level and management level of domestic die casting manufacturers, and further promoted the development of the industry. China has formed the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, northeast three provinces, southwest region and other pressure casting industrial clusters, of which the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta are the most prominent. The two regions have an active economy, developed supporting industries and obvious regional advantages.
Under the premise of ensuring vehicle strength and safety performance, vehicle lightweight can improve vehicle power, reduce fuel consumption and exhaust pollution by reducing vehicle quality. Reducing the mass of different parts such as body, interior, and exterior decoration, power system and so on will help to reduce the energy consumption in the process of driving. Aluminium parts in automobile is light, recyclable and easy to form, so it is widely used in automobile body and parts. In theory, automotive aluminum parts can reduce the weight of steel cars by as much as30% - 40%, of which aluminium engine can reduce 30%, the aluminum radiator is 20% - 40% lighter than copper, the all-aluminium body is 40% lighter than steel, and aluminum hub of the automobile can reduce 30%. Therefore, aluminum alloy material is an ideal material for automobile lighting.
Reducing the vehicle weight can reduce the engine load, improve the driving performance of the vehicle, effectively reduce the braking distance, make the steering and bending process more flexible so that the vehicle is more stable, and the aluminum alloy structure can absorb and disperse more energy when impacted, so it is more comfortable and safe. As a result, in the next decade, the aluminum penetration rate of all major parts of the car will be significantly increased, and the penetration rate of the aluminum engine hood is expected to increase from48% in 2015 will increase to 85% in 2025, and the penetration rate of aluminum doors will increase from 6% in 2015 to 46% in 2025. Specifically reflected in the average aluminum consumption per vehicle in North America in 1975, the average aluminum consumption per vehicle in North America was 38kg, which increased to 180kg in 2015. In 40 years, the aluminum consumption per vehicle in North America continued to increase, with a compound growth rate of 4%. It is estimated that China will achieve 190 kg/vehicle aluminum consumption in 2020, which is in line with North America, with a corresponding market space of about 152 billion yuan.
The concentration of the die-casting industry in China is relatively low. There are about there are more than 12000 enterprises, of which more than 70% are die-casting enterprises. The enterprises are mainly distributed in Guangdong, Jiangsu, Chongqing, and other places. Most of the large-scale and specialized enterprises are concentrated in the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta, and the proportion of large-scale die-casting enterprises is only about 10%. There are two main types of domestic enterprises with a large production scale of automobile die-casting, one is the supporting enterprise in automobile field, which is subordinate to the group company of downstream industry; the other is the independent automobile precision die casting production enterprise, which is specialized in the production of automotive casting components, and has established a relatively stable long-term cooperation relationship with downstream customers.
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